Oleksandr Timchenko
Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor. National university of civil defence of Ukraine
ORCID 0000-0002-8733-8076
Yuri Shirobokov
Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor. Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University
ORCID 0000-0001-7220-7340
DOI - https://doi.org/10.52363/dcpp-2021.1.5
Keywords: serviceman, captivity, prisoners of war, the phase of military captivity, collaboration, indoctrination.
In modern conditions, when the operation of the Joint Forces continues in the east of our state, aspects of cooperation of the citizens of Ukraine with the enemy become especially important. Particularly acute are the issues of the transition to the hostile side of prisoners of war detained by members of illegal armed groups, the issues of the psychological aspect of this problem become especially important. The article deals with the problem of military captivity. To date, methods of reforming the behavior (beliefs) of prisoners of war have been elaborated in detail and reached high technological forms, but the conditions of prisoners of war in the psychological environment of indoctrination, phases of this process and their characteristics during modern military conflict are insufficiently studied and need more detailed research. The research of phases of modern military captivity revealed their characteristics. I phase is the «phase of vital reactions» that lasts from a few seconds to 5-15 minutes, and is characterized by the subordination of all actions to preservation of life. II phase is the «shock phase» with displays of excess mobilization, it lasts from 3 to 5 hours and is characterized by a general psychological stress, ultimate mobilization of psychophysiological reserves. Phase III is the «psychophysiological demobilization phase», according to the respondents, its duration can last up to three days. In most cases it is associated with understanding the scale of the tragedy ("stress awareness"). In the IV «resolution" phase» (from 3 to 12 days) the dynamics of POW’s state of health is largely determined by the specific impact of extreme factors, obtained damage and moral and psychological situation after the tragic events. V phase – «recovery phase» of psychophysiological state starts as a rule at the end of the second week after exposure to extreme factors. In the last, VI phase, «phase of conflict» (lasts a month), according to 100% of the respondents, the majority developed persistent sleep disturbances, unmotivated fears, repetitive nightmares. The article describes the conditions for the indoctrination of prisoners of war in different phases of the captivity.