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Serhii Bychenko – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Laboratory for the Study of Problems in the Field of Civil Protection of the Educational and Scientific Institute of Civil Protection. National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine, Cherkasy (Ukraine)
ORCID 0009-0005-6747-8150
Andrii Pobidash – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Senior Researcher. National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine, Cherkasy (Ukraine)
ORCID 0000-0001-8736-0524
Yuliia Plisko – Scientific employee. National University of Civil Protection of Ukraine, Cherkasy (Ukraine)
ORCID 0009-0005-9526-1119
DOI - https://doi.org/10.52363/dcpp-2025.2.1
Keywords: Population evacuation, wartime conditions, territorial communities, interagency coordination, psychosocial support, post-traumatic stress disorder, crisis communication, civil protection, internally displaced persons, psychological risks.
The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of Ukraine’s evacuation policy during the period of armed conflict with the russian federation in 2022–2025. The relevance of this research is determined by the necessity to reconsider the mechanisms of civil protection in extreme conditions of a large-scale armed conflict and to develop a scientifically grounded strategy for organizing the evacuation of the population from dangerous territories. The study provides a step-by-step analysis of the transformation of evacuation processes – from chaotic responses in 2022 to the implementation of planned, coordinated actions in 2024–2025. Particular attention is given to the role of territorial communities as key implementers of evacuation measures at the local level, mechanisms of interagency coordination among civil protection structures, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, law enforcement agencies, and healthcare institutions. The article highlights the functioning of resilience points and transit centers as innovative elements of evacuation infrastructure that provided temporary shelter, psychosocial support, and coordination of humanitarian assistance for displaced persons. Based on statistical data from international organizations (UNHCR, IOM, UNICEF), over 5 million persons were evacuated during 2022–2025, with at least 2 million involved in organized evacuation processes. The study pays special attention to psychological risks accompanying population evacuation, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, depressive states, identity crisis, and the phenomenon of secondary traumatization among personnel. The research demonstrates that approximately 10–15% of civilians who experienced traumatic events of war have clinical signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. The necessity of integrating psychosocial support at all stages of evacuation is substantiated–from initial information provision to adaptation in new places of residence, including psychotherapeutic interventions, group support, and long-term rehabilitation programs. The study’s conclusions confirm that effective population evacuation during wartime is possible only through a comprehensive approach that combines regulatory frameworks, digitization of processes, institutionalization of relevant structures, and systematic psychosocial support. The results of this work can be utilized for developing a national evacuation strategy, improving the crisis management system, and formulating policies in the field of population protection from emergency situations.